io性能监控、free,ps命令、linux下抓包-白红宇

io性能监控、free,ps命令、linux下抓包

阅读量：6298 次

发布时间：2019-06-22

本文共 8959 字，大约阅读时间需要 29 分钟。

磁盘系统状态

iostat -x 磁盘使用

iotop 磁盘使用安装 yum install -y iotop

[root@centos01 ~]# iostatLinux 3.10.0-123.el7.x86_64 (centos01)  10/25/2018      _x86_64_        (1 CPU)avg-cpu:  %user   %nice %system %iowait  %steal   %idle           0.67    0.00    2.60    2.45    0.00   94.29Device:            tps    kB_read/s    kB_wrtn/s    kB_read    kB_wrtnsda              17.11       219.20        13.41      95583       5845[root@centos01 ~]# iostat 1 5Linux 3.10.0-123.el7.x86_64 (centos01)  10/25/2018      _x86_64_        (1 CPU)avg-cpu:  %user   %nice %system %iowait  %steal   %idle           0.65    0.00    2.52    2.36    0.00   94.47Device:            tps    kB_read/s    kB_wrtn/s    kB_read    kB_wrtnsda              16.54       211.74        12.95      95623       5846avg-cpu:  %user   %nice %system %iowait  %steal   %idle           0.00    0.00    1.98    0.00    0.00   98.02Device:            tps    kB_read/s    kB_wrtn/s    kB_read    kB_wrtnsda               0.00         0.00         0.00          0          0avg-cpu:  %user   %nice %system %iowait  %steal   %idle           0.00    0.00    0.00    0.00    0.00  100.00Device:            tps    kB_read/s    kB_wrtn/s    kB_read    kB_wrtnsda               0.00         0.00         0.00          0          0avg-cpu:  %user   %nice %system %iowait  %steal   %idle           0.00    0.00    0.99    0.00    0.00   99.01Device:            tps    kB_read/s    kB_wrtn/s    kB_read    kB_wrtnsda               0.00         0.00         0.00          0          0avg-cpu:  %user   %nice %system %iowait  %steal   %idle           0.00    0.00    0.00    0.00    0.00  100.00Device:            tps    kB_read/s    kB_wrtn/s    kB_read    kB_wrtnsda               0.00         0.00         0.00          0          0[root@centos01 ~]#[root@centos01 ~]# iostat -x  # 主要关注%utilLinux 3.10.0-123.el7.x86_64 (centos01)  10/25/2018      _x86_64_        (1 CPU)avg-cpu:  %user   %nice %system %iowait  %steal   %idle           0.58    0.00    2.31    2.13    0.00   94.97Device:         rrqm/s   wrqm/s     r/s     w/s    rkB/s    wkB/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz   await r_await w_await  svctm  %utilsda               1.18     0.06   10.31    4.59   190.68    11.69    27.17     0.10    6.56    8.97    1.15   2.92   4.35[root@centos01 ~]# iotop TID  PRIO  USER     DISK READ  DISK WRITE  SWAPIN     IO>    COMMAND    1 be/4 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  0.00 %  0.00 % systemd --switched-r~stem --deserialize 23    2 be/4 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  0.00 %  0.00 % [kthreadd]    3 be/4 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  0.00 %  0.00 % [ksoftirqd/0]    ...

free 查看内存使用请款

free 查看内存使用情况

free -m / -g / -h

buffre/cache区别

公式: total = used + free + buffer/cache

avaliable包含free和buffer/cache剩余部分

[root@centos01 ~]# free             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cachedMem:       1010860     370976     639884       6800        692     209744-/+ buffers/cache:     160540     850320Swap:      4194300          0    4194300[root@centos01 ~]# free -m             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cachedMem:           987        362        624          6          0        204-/+ buffers/cache:        156        830Swap:         4095          0       4095[root@centos01 ~]# free -h             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cachedMem:          987M       362M       624M       6.6M       692K       204M-/+ buffers/cache:       156M       830MSwap:         4.0G         0B       4.0G

读入方向:

磁盘 --> 内存(cache 缓存) --> cpu

cpu --> 内存(buffer 缓冲) --> 磁盘

查看进程状态

ps 查看系统进程当前的状态

用法： ps aux/-elf

STAT部分说明

D 不能中断的进程

R run状态的进程

S sleep状态的进程

T 暂停的进程

Z 僵尸进程

< 高优先级进程

N 低优先级进程

L 内存中被锁了内存分页

s 主进程

| 多线程进程

- 前端进程

[root@centos01 ~]# ps aux | headUSER       PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMANDroot         1  0.1  0.6  49972  6420 ?        Ss   04:04   0:02 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --switched-root --system --deserialize 23root         2  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S    04:04   0:00 [kthreadd]root         3  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S    04:04   0:00 [ksoftirqd/0]root         5  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   04:04   0:00 [kworker/0:0H]root         6  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S    04:04   0:00 [kworker/u128:0]root         7  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S    04:04   0:00 [migration/0]root         8  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S    04:04   0:00 [rcu_bh]root         9  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S    04:04   0:00 [rcuob/0]root        10  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S    04:04   0:00 [rcuob/1]

查看网络状态

netstat 查看网络状态

netstat -lnp 查看监听端口

netstat -lntp 只看出tcp的，不包括socket

ss -an 和 netstat 差不多

netstat -an | awk '/^tcp/{++sta[$NF]} END {for(key in sta) print key,"\t", sta[key]}' # 查看当前系统各网络状态对应的连接数

[root@centos01 ~]# netstat -lnpActive Internet connections (only servers)Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program nametcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2003/mastertcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1174/sshdtcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN      2003/mastertcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      1174/sshdudp        0      0 0.0.0.0:56297           0.0.0.0:*                           504/avahi-daemon: rudp        0      0 0.0.0.0:5353            0.0.0.0:*                           504/avahi-daemon: rraw6       0      0 :::58                   :::*                    7           624/NetworkManagerActive UNIX domain sockets (only servers)Proto RefCnt Flags       Type       State         I-Node   PID/Program name     Pathunix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     6682     1/systemd            /run/systemd/journal/s           tdoutunix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     10825    1/systemd            /run/systemd/private...[root@centos01 ~]# netstat -an | awk '/^tcp/{++sta[$NF]} END {for(key in sta) print key,"\t", sta[key]}'LISTEN   4ESTABLISHED      1  [root@centos01 ~]# ss -anNetid State      Recv-Q Send-Q                      Local Address:Port                        Peer Address:Portnl    UNCONN     0      0                                       0:4194928                                   *    nl    UNCONN     0      0                                       0:0                                       *nl    UNCONN     0      0                                       0:624                                     *nl    UNCONN     0      0                                       0:504                                     *nl    UNCONN     4352   0                                       4:2304                                    *nl    UNCONN     768    0                                       4:0                                       *nl    UNCONN     0      0                                       6:0                                       *nl    UNCONN     0      0                                       7:516                                     *...

Linux 抓包工具 tcpdump

抓包工具tcpdump 安装 yum install -y tcpdump

用法: tcpdump -nn

tcpdump -nn -i eno16777736 # eno16777736网卡名

tcpdump -nn port 80 # 针对端口

tcpdump -nn not port 22 and host 192.168.77.1 # 主机是192.168.77.1但端口不是22的

tcpdump -nn -c 10 -w t.cap # 抓取10条停止后存入文件

tcpdump -r t.cap

另一个抓包工具 wireshark, 安装 yum install -y wireshark

使用方法: tshark -n -t a -R http.request -T fields -e "frame.time" -e "ip.src" -e "http.host" -e "http.request.method" -e "http.request.uri"

[root@centos01 ~]# tcpdump -nn -i eno16777736 -c 10 -w 1.captcpdump: listening on eno16777736, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 byteseno167777310 packets captured10 packets received by filter0 packets dropped by kernel   [root@centos01 ~]# tcpdump -r 1.capreading from file 1.cap, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet)05:39:58.713994 IP 192.168.77.134.ssh > 192.168.77.1.34903: Flags [P.], seq 261524626:261524770, ack 1806092218, win 281, length 14405:39:58.714241 IP 192.168.77.1.34903 > 192.168.77.134.ssh: Flags [.], ack 144, win 254, length 005:40:01.648830 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.77.134 (00:0c:29:b9:56:99 (oui Unknown)) tell 192.168.77.1, length 4605:40:01.648864 ARP, Reply 192.168.77.134 is-at 00:0c:29:b9:56:99 (oui Unknown), length 2805:40:50.651068 IP 192.168.77.1.34903 > 192.168.77.134.ssh: Flags [P.], seq 1:65, ack 144, win 254, length 6405:40:50.653125 IP 192.168.77.134.ssh > 192.168.77.1.34903: Flags [P.], seq 144:208, ack 65, win 281, length 6405:40:50.701120 IP 192.168.77.1.34903 > 192.168.77.134.ssh: Flags [.], ack 208, win 254, length 005:40:52.863015 IP 192.168.77.1.34903 > 192.168.77.134.ssh: Flags [P.], seq 65:129, ack 208, win 254, length 6405:40:52.863415 IP 192.168.77.134.ssh > 192.168.77.1.34903: Flags [P.], seq 208:272, ack 129, win 281, length 6405:40:52.912077 IP 192.168.77.1.34903 > 192.168.77.134.ssh: Flags [.], ack 272, win 253, length 0

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/u/996931/blog/2252053

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